Protein Domain : IPR000565

Type:  Family Name:  DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit B
Description:  DNA topoisomerases regulate the number of topological links between two DNA strands (i.e. change the number of superhelical turns) by catalysing transient single- or double-strand breaks, crossing the strands through one another, then resealing the breaks []. These enzymes have several functions: to remove DNA supercoils during transcription and DNA replication; for strand breakage during recombination; for chromosome condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA during mitosis [, ]. DNA topoisomerases are divided into two classes: type I enzymes (; topoisomerases I, III and V) break single-strand DNA, and type II enzymes (; topoisomerases II, IV and VI) break double-strand DNA [].Type II topoisomerases are ATP-dependent enzymes, and can be subdivided according to their structure and reaction mechanisms: type IIA (topoisomerase II or gyrase, and topoisomerase IV) and type IIB (topoisomerase VI). These enzymes are responsible for relaxing supercoiled DNA as well as for introducing both negative and positive supercoils [].Type IIA topoisomerases together manage chromosome integrity and topology in cells. Topoisomerase II (called gyrase in bacteria) primarily introduces negative supercoils into DNA. In bacteria, topoisomerase II consists of two polypeptide subunits, gyrA and gyrB, which form a heterotetramer: (BA)2. In most eukaryotes, topoisomerase II consists of a single polypeptide, where the N- and C-terminal regions correspond to gyrB and gyrA, respectively; this topoisomerase II forms a homodimer that is equivalent to the bacterial heterotetramer. There are four functional domains in topoisomerase II: domain 1 (N-terminal of gyrB) is an ATPase, domain 2 (C-terminal of gyrB) is responsible for subunit interactions (differs between eukaryotic and bacterial enzymes), domain 3 (N-terminal of gyrA) is responsible for the breaking-rejoining function through its capacity to form protein-DNA bridges, and domain 4 (C-terminal of gyrA) is able to non-specifically bind DNA [].Topoisomerase IV primarily decatenates DNA and relaxes positive supercoils, which is important in bacteria, where the circular chromosome becomes catenated, or linked, during replication []. Topoisomerase IV consists of two polypeptide subunits, parE and parC, where parC is homologous to gyrA and parE is homologous to gyrB.This entry represents subunit B found in topoisomerase II (gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parE), primarily of bacterial origin, and which functions in ATP hydrolysis and subunit interaction. It does not include the topoisomerase II enzymes composed of a single polypeptide, as are found in most eukaryotes. Short Name:  Topo_IIA_B
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2 Child Features

DB identifier Type Name
IPR011557 Family DNA gyrase, subunit B
IPR005740 Family DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit B, Gram-positive

7 Contains

DB identifier Type Name
IPR020568 Domain Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold
IPR006171 Domain Toprim domain
IPR013760 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA-like domain
IPR013506 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit B, domain 2
IPR013759 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, central domain
IPR002288 Domain DNA gyrase B subunit, C-terminal
IPR018522 Conserved_site DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, conserved site

1 Cross References

Identifier
PR01159

0 Found In

4 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0003677 IPR000565
GO:0003918 IPR000565
GO:0005524 IPR000565
GO:0006265 IPR000565

4 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0003677 IPR000565
GO:0003918 IPR000565
GO:0005524 IPR000565
GO:0006265 IPR000565

1 Parent Features

DB identifier Type Name
IPR001241 Family DNA topoisomerase, type IIA

453 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
405784 D8QZP6 PAC:15415567 Selaginella moellendorffii 723  
evm.model.supercontig_5.163 PAC:16421266 Carica papaya 416  
29733.m000744 B9S845 PAC:16807078 Ricinus communis 732  
orange1.1g005028m A0A067DPK4 PAC:18104494 Citrus sinensis 718  
orange1.1g007003m A0A067DPZ0 PAC:18104496 Citrus sinensis 622  
orange1.1g005193m A0A067DPY8 PAC:18104495 Citrus sinensis 709  
orange1.1g007002m A0A067DTL6 PAC:18104497 Citrus sinensis 622  
orange1.1g009294m A0A067DPK9 PAC:18104499 Citrus sinensis 538  
orange1.1g008738m A0A067E208 PAC:18104498 Citrus sinensis 555  
orange1.1g010553m A0A067E0Z4 PAC:18104500 Citrus sinensis 507  
AT5G04130.1 Q94BZ7 PAC:19665371 Arabidopsis thaliana 732  
AT5G04130.2 Q94BZ7 PAC:19665372 Arabidopsis thaliana 519  
AT5G04110.1 Q8VY11 PAC:19672791 Arabidopsis thaliana 546  
AT3G10270.1 PAC:19663425 Arabidopsis thaliana 772  
Thhalv10020150m V4NR06 PAC:20183803 Eutrema salsugineum 729  
Thhalv10012781m V4LD38 PAC:20203449 Eutrema salsugineum 735  
Ciclev10004555m V4RJR6 PAC:20790984 Citrus clementina 622  
Ciclev10004438m V4U544 PAC:20790983 Citrus clementina 718  
Lus10012114 PAC:23154955 Linum usitatissimum 749  
Lus10010428 PAC:23154081 Linum usitatissimum 660  
Potri.016G036200.1 PAC:27013480 Populus trichocarpa 731  
Potri.006G039400.2 PAC:27005272 Populus trichocarpa 657  
Potri.006G039400.1 A0A2K1ZWF4 PAC:27005271 Populus trichocarpa 721  
Gorai.003G086700.2 A0A0D2ML78 PAC:26798690 Gossypium raimondii 721  
Gorai.003G086700.3 A0A0D2NYE5 PAC:26798691 Gossypium raimondii 537  
Gorai.003G086700.1 A0A0D2QQD7 PAC:26798689 Gossypium raimondii 728  
27516 I0Z5J5 PAC:27390668 Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169 744  
31797 C1MLA1 PAC:27342878 Micromonas pusilla CCMP1545 629  
79742 C1E1M3 PAC:27398537 Micromonas sp RCC299 703  
30508 A4RU61 PAC:27413105 Ostreococcus lucimarinus 662  

7 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            7770916
            11395412
            12596227
            12042765
            7980433
            16023670
            8982450