Protein Domain : IPR001241

Type:  Family Name:  DNA topoisomerase, type IIA
Description:  DNA topoisomerases regulate the number of topological links between two DNA strands (i.e. change the number of superhelical turns) by catalysing transient single- or double-strand breaks, crossing the strands through one another, then resealing the breaks []. These enzymes have several functions: to remove DNA supercoils during transcription and DNA replication; for strand breakage during recombination; for chromosome condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA during mitosis [, ]. DNA topoisomerases are divided into two classes: type I enzymes (; topoisomerases I, III and V) break single-strand DNA, and type II enzymes (; topoisomerases II, IV and VI) break double-strand DNA [].Type II topoisomerases are ATP-dependent enzymes, and can be subdivided according to their structure and reaction mechanisms: type IIA (topoisomerase II or gyrase, and topoisomerase IV) and type IIB (topoisomerase VI). These enzymes are responsible for relaxing supercoiled DNA as well as for introducing both negative and positive supercoils [].Type IIA topoisomerases together manage chromosome integrity and topology in cells. Topoisomerase II (called gyrase in bacteria) primarily introduces negative supercoils into DNA. In bacteria, topoisomerase II consists of two polypeptide subunits, gyrA and gyrB, which form a heterotetramer: (BA)2. In most eukaryotes, topoisomerase II consists of a single polypeptide, where the N- and C-terminal regions correspond to gyrB and gyrA, respectively; this topoisomerase II forms a homodimer that is equivalent to the bacterial heterotetramer. There are four functional domains in topoisomerase II: domain 1 (N-terminal of gyrB) is an ATPase, domain 2 (C-terminal of gyrB) is responsible for subunit interactions (differs between eukaryotic and bacterial enzymes), domain 3 (N-terminal of gyrA) is responsible for the breaking-rejoining function through its capacity to form protein-DNA bridges, and domain 4 (C-terminal of gyrA) is able to non-specifically bind DNA [].Topoisomerase IV primarily decatenates DNA and relaxes positive supercoils, which is important in bacteria, where the circular chromosome becomes catenated, or linked, during replication []. Topoisomerase IV consists of two polypeptide subunits, parE and parC, where parC is homologous to gyrA and parE is homologous to gyrB.This entry represents DNA topoisomerase, type IIA. Short Name:  Topo_IIA
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3 Child Features

DB identifier Type Name
IPR001154 Family DNA topoisomerase II, eukaryotic-type
IPR000565 Family DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit B
IPR005737 Family DNA topoisomerase IV, subunit B, Gram-negative

7 Contains

DB identifier Type Name
IPR003594 Domain Histidine kinase-like ATPase, C-terminal domain
IPR020568 Domain Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold
IPR013760 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA-like domain
IPR013506 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit B, domain 2
IPR013759 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, central domain
IPR002288 Domain DNA gyrase B subunit, C-terminal
IPR018522 Conserved_site DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, conserved site

2 Cross Referencess

Identifier
PR00418
SM00433

0 Found In

4 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0003677 IPR001241
GO:0003918 IPR001241
GO:0005524 IPR001241
GO:0006265 IPR001241

4 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0003677 IPR001241
GO:0003918 IPR001241
GO:0005524 IPR001241
GO:0006265 IPR001241

0 Parent Features

933 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
98330 D8RNR7 PAC:15412854 Selaginella moellendorffii 1151  
405784 D8QZP6 PAC:15415567 Selaginella moellendorffii 723  
127267 D8SXJ0 PAC:15411383 Selaginella moellendorffii 1151  
evm.model.supercontig_5.163 PAC:16421266 Carica papaya 416  
evm.model.supercontig_5.164 PAC:16421267 Carica papaya 232  
29733.m000744 B9S845 PAC:16807078 Ricinus communis 732  
29864.m001477 B9RVN2 PAC:16811788 Ricinus communis 197  
29864.m001478 B9RVN3 PAC:16811789 Ricinus communis 1212  
32465.m000025 B9TGB2 PAC:16825437 Ricinus communis 142  
Cucsa.249000.2 PAC:16971531 Cucumis sativus 1303  
Cucsa.249000.3 PAC:16971532 Cucumis sativus 1239  
Cucsa.249000.1 PAC:16971530 Cucumis sativus 1499  
orange1.1g005028m A0A067DPK4 PAC:18104494 Citrus sinensis 718  
orange1.1g007003m A0A067DPZ0 PAC:18104496 Citrus sinensis 622  
orange1.1g005193m A0A067DPY8 PAC:18104495 Citrus sinensis 709  
orange1.1g007002m A0A067DTL6 PAC:18104497 Citrus sinensis 622  
orange1.1g009294m A0A067DPK9 PAC:18104499 Citrus sinensis 538  
orange1.1g008738m A0A067E208 PAC:18104498 Citrus sinensis 555  
orange1.1g010553m A0A067E0Z4 PAC:18104500 Citrus sinensis 507  
orange1.1g000459m PAC:18101881 Citrus sinensis 1484  
AT5G04130.1 Q94BZ7 PAC:19665371 Arabidopsis thaliana 732  
AT5G04130.2 Q94BZ7 PAC:19665372 Arabidopsis thaliana 519  
AT5G04110.1 Q8VY11 PAC:19672791 Arabidopsis thaliana 546  
AT3G10270.1 PAC:19663425 Arabidopsis thaliana 772  
AT3G23890.1 P30182 PAC:19661529 Arabidopsis thaliana 1473  
AT3G23890.2 B3H4G2 PAC:19661530 Arabidopsis thaliana 1438  
Thhalv10024219m V4MN84 PAC:20193540 Eutrema salsugineum 1427  
Thhalv10020150m V4NR06 PAC:20183803 Eutrema salsugineum 729  
Thhalv10012781m V4LD38 PAC:20203449 Eutrema salsugineum 735  
Ciclev10030506m V4SWN8 PAC:20803645 Citrus clementina 1455  

7 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            7770916
            11395412
            12596227
            12042765
            7980433
            16023670
            8982450