Protein Domain : IPR002205

Type:  Domain Name:  DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit A/C-terminal
Description:  DNA topoisomerases regulate the number of topological links between two DNA strands (i.e. change the number of superhelical turns) by catalysing transient single- or double-strand breaks, crossing the strands through one another, then resealing the breaks []. These enzymes have several functions: to remove DNA supercoils during transcription and DNA replication; for strand breakage during recombination; for chromosome condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA during mitosis [, ]. DNA topoisomerases are divided into two classes: type I enzymes (; topoisomerases I, III and V) break single-strand DNA, and type II enzymes (; topoisomerases II, IV and VI) break double-strand DNA [].Type II topoisomerases are ATP-dependent enzymes, and can be subdivided according to their structure and reaction mechanisms: type IIA (topoisomerase II or gyrase, and topoisomerase IV) and type IIB (topoisomerase VI). These enzymes are responsible for relaxing supercoiled DNA as well as for introducing both negative and positive supercoils [].Type IIA topoisomerases together manage chromosome integrity and topology in cells. Topoisomerase II (called gyrase in bacteria) primarily introduces negative supercoils into DNA. In bacteria, topoisomerase II consists of two polypeptide subunits, gyrA and gyrB, which form a heterotetramer: (BA)2. In most eukaryotes, topoisomerase II consists of a single polypeptide, where the N- and C-terminal regions correspond to gyrB and gyrA, respectively; this topoisomerase II forms a homodimer that is equivalent to the bacterial heterotetramer. There are four functional domains in topoisomerase II: domain 1 (N-terminal of gyrB) is an ATPase, domain 2 (C-terminal of gyrB) is responsible for subunit interactions (differs between eukaryotic and bacterial enzymes), domain 3 (N-terminal of gyrA) is responsible for the breaking-rejoining function through its capacity to form protein-DNA bridges, and domain 4 (C-terminal of gyrA) is able to non-specifically bind DNA [].Topoisomerase IV primarily decatenates DNA and relaxes positive supercoils, which is important in bacteria, where the circular chromosome becomes catenated, or linked, during replication []. Topoisomerase IV consists of two polypeptide subunits, parE and parC, where parC is homologous to gyrA and parE is homologous to gyrB.This entry represents subunit A (gyrA and parC) of bacterial gyrase and topoisomerase IV, and the equivalent C-terminal region in eukaryotic topoisomerase II composed of a single polypeptide. This subunit has DNA-binding capacity. Short Name:  Topo_IIA_A/C
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0 Child Features

3 Contains

DB identifier Type Name
IPR006691 Repeat DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV, subunit A, C-terminal beta-pinwheel
IPR013757 Domain Type IIA DNA topoisomerase subunit A, alpha-helical domain
IPR013758 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA, subunit A/ C-terminal, alpha-beta

2 Cross Referencess

Identifier
PF00521
SM00434

5 Found Ins

DB identifier Type Name
IPR005743 Family DNA gyrase, subunit A
IPR013760 Domain DNA topoisomerase, type IIA-like domain
IPR001154 Family DNA topoisomerase II, eukaryotic-type
IPR005741 Family DNA topoisomerase IV subunit A, Gram-positive
IPR005742 Family DNA topoisomerase IV, subunit A, Gram-negative

4 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0003677 IPR002205
GO:0003918 IPR002205
GO:0005524 IPR002205
GO:0006265 IPR002205

4 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0003677 IPR002205
GO:0003918 IPR002205
GO:0005524 IPR002205
GO:0006265 IPR002205

0 Parent Features

3256 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
98330 D8RNR7 PAC:15412854 Selaginella moellendorffii 1151  
111960 D8S9B4 PAC:15414352 Selaginella moellendorffii 880  
127267 D8SXJ0 PAC:15411383 Selaginella moellendorffii 1151  
evm.TU.contig_37237.1 PAC:16431005 Carica papaya 43  
evm.model.supercontig_1221.1 PAC:16407101 Carica papaya 144  
evm.model.supercontig_125.26 PAC:16407255 Carica papaya 576  
evm.model.supercontig_54.41 PAC:16422393 Carica papaya 223  
evm.model.supercontig_54.40 PAC:16422392 Carica papaya 376  
evm.model.supercontig_54.38 PAC:16422389 Carica papaya 96  
29743.m000297 B9SK06 PAC:16807685 Ricinus communis 540  
29864.m001478 B9RVN3 PAC:16811789 Ricinus communis 1212  
Cucsa.005100.10 PAC:16951072 Cucumis sativus 923  
Cucsa.005100.17 PAC:16951079 Cucumis sativus 892  
Cucsa.005100.1 PAC:16951071 Cucumis sativus 928  
Cucsa.005100.18 PAC:16951080 Cucumis sativus 751  
Cucsa.249000.2 PAC:16971531 Cucumis sativus 1303  
Cucsa.249000.3 PAC:16971532 Cucumis sativus 1239  
Cucsa.249000.1 PAC:16971530 Cucumis sativus 1499  
orange1.1g002290m PAC:18105283 Citrus sinensis 941  
orange1.1g000459m PAC:18101881 Citrus sinensis 1484  
AT3G10690.1 Q9CAF6 PAC:19659696 Arabidopsis thaliana 950  
AT3G23890.1 P30182 PAC:19661529 Arabidopsis thaliana 1473  
AT3G23890.2 B3H4G2 PAC:19661530 Arabidopsis thaliana 1438  
Thhalv10024219m V4MN84 PAC:20193540 Eutrema salsugineum 1427  
Thhalv10002141m V4MCE0 PAC:20200346 Eutrema salsugineum 71  
Thhalv10020005m V4M2D0 PAC:20182049 Eutrema salsugineum 937  
Ciclev10014605m PAC:20816364 Citrus clementina 625  
Ciclev10030506m V4SWN8 PAC:20803645 Citrus clementina 1455  
Ciclev10030505m V4VI75 PAC:20803644 Citrus clementina 1456  
Lus10008940 PAC:23175173 Linum usitatissimum 1039  

7 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            7770916
            11395412
            12596227
            12042765
            7980433
            16023670
            8982450