| Type: | Domain | Name: | Peptidase S54, rhomboid domain |
| Description: | This entry represents a six transmembrane helix rhomboid domain. This domain is found in serine peptidases belonging to the MEROPS peptidase family S54 (Rhomboid, clan ST). They are integral membrane proteins related to the Drosophila melanogaster(Fruit fly) rhomboid protein . Members of this family are found in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes.The D. melanogaster rhomboid protease cleaves type-1 transmembrane domains using a catalytic triad composed of serine, histidine and asparagine contributed by different transmembrane domains. It cleaves the transmembrane proteins Spitz, Gurken and Keren within their transmembrane domains to release a soluble TGFalpha-like growth factor. Cleavage occurs in the Golgi, following translocation of the substrates from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane by Star, another transmembrane protein. The growth factors are then able to activate the epidermal growth factor receptor [, ].Few substrates of mammalian rhomboid homologues have been determined, but rhomboid-like protein 2 has been shown to cleave ephrin B3 []. Parasite-encoded rhomboid enzymes are also important for invasion of host cells by Toxoplasma and the malaria parasite. | Short Name: | Peptidase_S54_rhomboid_dom |
