Protein Domain : IPR004358

Type:  Domain Name:  Signal transduction histidine kinase-related protein, C-terminal
Description:  Two-component signal transduction systems enable bacteria to sense, respond, and adapt to a wide range of environments, stressors, and growth conditions []. Some bacteria can contain up to as many as 200 two-component systems that need tight regulation to prevent unwanted cross-talk []. These pathways have been adapted to response to a wide variety of stimuli, including nutrients, cellular redox state, changes in osmolarity, quorum signals, antibiotics, and more []. Two-component systems are comprised of a sensor histidine kinase (HK) and its cognate response regulator (RR) []. The HK catalyses its own auto-phosphorylation followed by the transfer of the phosphoryl group to the receiver domain on RR; phosphorylation of the RR usually activates an attached output domain, which can then effect changes in cellular physiology, often by regulating gene expression. Some HK are bifunctional, catalysing both the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of their cognate RR. The input stimuli can regulate either the kinase or phosphatase activity of the bifunctional HK.A variant of the two-component system is the phospho-relay system. Here a hybrid HK auto-phosphorylates and then transfers the phosphoryl group to an internal receiver domain, rather than to a separate RR protein. The phosphoryl group is then shuttled to histidine phosphotransferase (HPT) and subsequently to a terminal RR, which can evoke the desired response [, ].Signal transducing histidine kinases are the key elements in two-component signal transduction systems, which control complex processes such as the initiation of development in microorganisms [, ]. Examples of histidine kinases are EnvZ, which plays a central role in osmoregulation [], and CheA, which plays a central role in the chemotaxis system []. Histidine kinases usually have an N-terminal ligand-binding domain and a C-terminal kinase domain, but other domains may also be present. The kinase domain is responsible for the autophosphorylation of the histidine with ATP, the phosphotransfer from the kinase to an aspartate of the response regulator, and (with bifunctional enzymes) the phosphotransfer from aspartyl phosphate back to ADP or to water []. The kinase core has a unique fold, distinct from that of the Ser/Thr/Tyr kinase superfamily. HKs can be roughly divided into two classes: orthodox and hybrid kinases [, ]. Most orthodox HKs, typified by the Escherichia coliEnvZ protein, function as periplasmic membrane receptors and have a signal peptide and transmembrane segment(s) that separate the protein into a periplasmic N-terminal sensing domain and a highly conserved cytoplasmic C-terminal kinase core. Members of this family, however, have an integral membrane sensor domain. Not all orthodox kinases are membrane bound, e.g., the nitrogen regulatory kinase NtrB (GlnL) is a soluble cytoplasmic HK []. Hybrid kinases contain multiple phosphodonor and phosphoacceptor sites and use multi-step phospho-relay schemes instead of promoting a single phosphoryl transfer. In addition to the sensor domain and kinase core, they contain a CheY-like receiver domain and a His-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) domain.This domain is present in many sensor proteins that respond to extra-cytoplasmic stimuli in bacteria, but is also found in many proteins of metazoan origin. Sensors are usually linked to a 2-component regulatory system consisting of the sensor and a cytoplasmic regulator protein []. The cytoplasmic C-terminal portions of the sensor proteins show marked sequence similarity and are responsible for kinase activity []. Some sensor proteins are cytoplasmic and may respond to several external stimuli. Sensors also show similarity to some regulatory proteins []. The structure of CheA, a signal-transducing histidine kinase is known []. The catalytic domain consists of several alpha-helices packed over one face of a large anti-parallel beta sheet forming a loop which closes over the bound ATP. Hydrolysis of ATP is coupled to Mg 2+release and conformational changes in the ATP-binding cavity. Short Name:  Sig_transdc_His_kin-like_C
Paste the following link

1 Child Features

DB identifier Type Name
IPR013727 Domain Two-component sensor kinase, N-terminal

0 Contains

1 Cross References

Identifier
PR00344

11 Found Ins

DB identifier Type Name
IPR014310 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, phosphate regulon sensor PhoR
IPR006290 Family Heavy metal sensor kinase
IPR014409 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, hybrid-type, aerobic respiration control ArcB
IPR017181 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, CHASE2/PAS sensor domain-containing, predicted
IPR014265 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, PEP-CTERM system, putative
IPR017232 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, nitrogen fixation and metabolism regulator
IPR017203 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, NreB
IPR014302 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, TMAO sensor TorS
IPR017116 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, PgtB
IPR014285 Family Nitrogen fixation negative regulator NifL
IPR017055 Family Signal transduction histidine kinase, DctB (C4-dicarboxylate transport system regulator)

2 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0016772 IPR004358
GO:0016310 IPR004358

2 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0016772 IPR004358
GO:0016310 IPR004358

0 Parent Features

3256 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
162543 D8TAU9 PAC:15405347 Selaginella moellendorffii 440  
267662 D8RRE6 PAC:15412834 Selaginella moellendorffii 736  
101176 PAC:15423208 Selaginella moellendorffii 432  
104037 D8RWN3 PAC:15408855 Selaginella moellendorffii 1086  
405045 PAC:15410073 Selaginella moellendorffii 1067  
152221 D8S3K5 PAC:15418237 Selaginella moellendorffii 905  
3025 PAC:15409785 Selaginella moellendorffii 328  
109384 PAC:15403497 Selaginella moellendorffii 465  
110685 D8S7K1 PAC:15409088 Selaginella moellendorffii 747  
111212 D8S949 PAC:15408755 Selaginella moellendorffii 325  
84050 D8R3C4 PAC:15414122 Selaginella moellendorffii 229  
84824 D8R4B8 PAC:15420072 Selaginella moellendorffii 740  
20385 PAC:15406107 Selaginella moellendorffii 792  
163842 PAC:15410696 Selaginella moellendorffii 609  
164498 D8QNZ5 PAC:15410680 Selaginella moellendorffii 369  
231095 D8R9F4 PAC:15413947 Selaginella moellendorffii 965  
14315 D8RD50 PAC:15410527 Selaginella moellendorffii 272  
evm.model.supercontig_136.20 PAC:16408309 Carica papaya 1045  
evm.model.supercontig_146.27 PAC:16409115 Carica papaya 370  
evm.model.supercontig_151.32 PAC:16409550 Carica papaya 637  
evm.model.supercontig_18.35 PAC:16411420 Carica papaya 1511  
evm.model.supercontig_2.143 PAC:16412501 Carica papaya 989  
evm.model.supercontig_23.45 PAC:16414255 Carica papaya 393  
evm.model.supercontig_43.73 PAC:16420034 Carica papaya 1025  
evm.model.supercontig_6.277 PAC:16423461 Carica papaya 1202  
evm.model.supercontig_84.52 PAC:16427335 Carica papaya 738  
evm.model.supercontig_96.38 PAC:16428978 Carica papaya 383  
29848.m004482 B9RNQ2 PAC:16811139 Ricinus communis 930  
29889.m003392 B9S001 PAC:16812338 Ricinus communis 351  
29929.m004637 B9RMD2 PAC:16813876 Ricinus communis 1005  

15 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            12372152
            10966457
            16176121
            18076326
            11934609
            11489844
            9989504
            8868347
            10426948
            11145881
            11406410
            8029829
            1482126
            2559300
            3020561