Protein Domain : IPR008352

Type:  Family Name:  Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, p38
Description:  Protein phosphorylation, which plays a key role in most cellular activities, is a reversible process mediated by protein kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases. Protein kinases catalyse the transfer of the gamma phosphate from nucleotide triphosphates (often ATP) to one or more amino acid residues in a protein substrate side chain, resulting in a conformational change affecting protein function. Phosphoprotein phosphatases catalyse the reverse process. Protein kinases fall into three broad classes, characterised with respect to substrate specificity []:Serine/threonine-protein kinasesTyrosine-protein kinasesDual specificity protein kinases (e.g. MEK - phosphorylates both Thr and Tyr on target proteins)Protein kinase function is evolutionarily conserved from Escherichia coli to human []. Protein kinases play a role in a multitude of cellular processes, including division, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation []. Phosphorylation usually results in a functional change of the target protein by changing enzyme activity, cellular location, or association with other proteins. The catalytic subunits of protein kinases are highly conserved, and several structures have been solved [], leading to large screens to develop kinase-specific inhibitors for the treatments of a number of diseases [].MAP (Mitogen Activated Protein) kinases participate in kinase cascades, whereby at least 3 protein kinases act in series, culminating in activationof MAP kinase []. MAP kinases are activated by dual phosphorylationon both tyrosine and threonine residues of a conserved TXY motif. p38 proteins belong to the MAP kinase family and were discovered in 3 different contexts independently: first, as tyrosine phosphoproteins foundin extracts of cells treated with inflammatory cytokines; second, as targets of a pyrinidyl imidazole drug that blocks production of TNFalpha; and third, as reactivating kinases for MAP kinase-activated protein(MAPKAP) []. The proteins are activated by cytokines, hormones, GPCRs,osmotic shock, heat shock and other stresses []. Short Name:  MAPK_p38
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0 Child Features

2 Contains

DB identifier Type Name
IPR017441 Binding_site Protein kinase, ATP binding site
IPR003527 Conserved_site Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, conserved site

1 Cross References

Identifier
PR01773

0 Found In

3 GO Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0004707 IPR008352
GO:0005524 IPR008352
GO:0006468 IPR008352

3 Ontology Annotations

GO Term Gene Name
GO:0004707 IPR008352
GO:0005524 IPR008352
GO:0006468 IPR008352

0 Parent Features

3 Proteins

DB identifier UniProt Accession Secondary Identifier Organism Name Length
94760 A4S339 PAC:27413935 Ostreococcus lucimarinus 405  
Caamp.0097s0184.1.p PAC:39076431 Caulanthus amplexicaulis 370  
Isati.22463s0001.1.p PAC:39345153 Isatis tinctoria 223  

7 Publications

First Author Title Year Journal Volume Pages PubMed ID
            3291115
            12368087
            12471243
            15078142
            15320712
            10487205
            12452429