| Type: | Family | Name: | LanC-like protein, eukaryotic |
| Description: | The LanC-like protein superfamily encompasses a highly divergent group of peptide-modifying enzymes, including the eukaryotic and bacterial lanthionine synthetase C-like proteins (LanC) [, , ]; subtilin biosynthesis protein SpaC from Bacillus subtilis[, ]; epidermin biosynthesis protein EpiC from Staphylococcus epidermidis[]; nisin biosynthesis protein NisC from Lactococcus lactis[, , ]; GCR2 from Arabidopsis thaliana(Mouse-ear cress) []; and many others. The 3D structure of the lantibiotic cyclase from L. lactis has been determined by X-ray crystallography to 2.5A resolution []. The globular structure is characterised by an all-alpha fold, in which an outer ring of helices envelops an inner toroid composed of 7 shorter, hydrophobic helices. This 7-fold hydrophobic periodicity has led several authors to claim various members of the family, including eukaryotic LanC-1 and GCR2, to be novel G protein-coupled receptors [, ]; some of these claims have since been corrected [, , ]. The eukaryotic lanthionine synthetase C-like proteins 1-3, are relatives of the bacterial lanthionine synthetase components C (LanC) [, , ]. They are ubiquitous in nature, being variously expressed in brain, spinal chord, pituitary gland, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, pancreas, ovary and testis. LanC-like protein 2 is a bystander gene co-amplified and over- expressed with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in 20% of glioblastomas; its exogenous expression in a sarcoma cell line decreases the expression of ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein 1) and increases cellular sensitivity to the anticancer drug adriamycin []. | Short Name: | LanC-like_prot_euk |
