Type: | Family | Name: | Histidine-tRNA ligase/ATP phosphoribosyltransferase regulatory subunit |
Description: | This entry represents histidine-tRNA ligase (HisS or HisRS) and its paralogue, ATP phosphoribosyltransferase regulatory subunit (HisZ). Despite the significant sequential and structural similarity, HisRS and HisZ have different functions []. HisRS is a class IIa aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ligase), while HisZ is a regulatory subunit of the hetero-octameric ATP phosphoribosyl transferase that regulate reactions initiating histidine biosynthesis [, ]. From the phylogenetic analysis, HisZ proteins form a monophyletic group that attaches outside the predominant bacterial HisRS clade []. HisZ are represented in a highly divergent set of bacteria (including an aquificale, cyanobacteria, firmicutes, and proteobacteria), but are missing from other bacteria, including mycrobacteria and certain proteobacteria []. It has been suggested that the absences of HisZ from bacteria are due to its loss during evolution []. | Short Name: | HisRS/HisZ |